Загальні принципи і рекомендації з визначення пухлинних маркерів у клінічній практиці гінеколога
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15574/HW.2019.143.31Ключові слова:
пухлинні маркери (онкомаркери), скринінг, діагностика, рак, антиген, злоякісність, лабораторіяАнотація
Пухлинні маркери відіграють велику роль у всіх аспектах спостереження за раком – від скринінгу до подальшого нагляду після лікування, і їхнє розумне застосування у клінічній практиці потребує глибокого розуміння основ патофізіології, методів ідентифікації або тестування, а також їхньої ролі у будь-якому захворюванні. Виявляють пухлинні маркери або у тканинах, або у рідинах організму – асцитичній, плевральній та, найчастіше, у сироватці крові.
Клінічне використання онкомаркерів можна класифікувати на чотири групи: скринінг та раннє виявлення, діагностичне підтвердження, прогноз і прогнозування терапевтичної відповіді, моніторинг захворювання та рецидивів. Рівень онкомаркера у сироватці крові в певних ситуаціях може використовуватися під час встановлення діагнозу, прогнозування перебігу хвороби або прогнозування реакції на терапію. Моніторинг захворювання – це найбільш поширене клінічне використання сироваткових маркерів пухлин. Зростаюча тенденція визначення рівня онкомаркерів у сироватці крові допомагає виявити рецидив захворювання задовго до появи його явних клінічних або рентгенологічних ознак.
Посилання
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